Kodi ndi ma polima ati omwe amawonongeka omwe PBAT ingasakanizidwe nawo?

Polybutylene terephthalate (PBAT) ndi mtundu watsopano wa copolyester ya aliphatic-aromatic yomwe imatha kuwonongeka kwathunthu yokhala ndi magawo a unyolo omwe amaphatikiza kusinthasintha kwa ma hydrocarbons a aliphatic a unyolo wautali ndi kulimba kwa mphete za aromatic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yosinthasintha kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, PBAT yakhala imodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka kwambiri pakufufuza za mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino msika. Komabe, kukhalapo kwa magawo a unyolo wa PBT mu unyolo wa molekyulu kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Ilinso ndi crystallinity yochepa komanso kukhuthala kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yotetezeka kwambiri kumamatira. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthuzo ndi zodula kwambiri, zomwe zimalepheretsa kwambiri chitukuko cha msika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse mtengo ndikupeza mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka kwambiri, kusintha kwa PBAT kuyenera kuphunziridwa. Kuphatikiza PBAT ndi ma polima omwe amatha kuwonongeka ndi njira yotsimikizika yosinthira, yomwe ingasinthe zinthu zina popanda kukhudza kuwonongeka kwa PBAT, ndipo ma polima ena amatha kuwonongeka amathanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa PBAT.

-PBAT yosakanikirana ndi PLA-

Polylactic acid (PLA), imodzi mwa zipangizo zomwe zafufuzidwa kwambiri komanso zopambana pa malonda, ili ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zowala komanso zotchinga, komanso ili ndi zovuta zake chifukwa imakhala yolimba komanso yosalimba kwambiri, yopanda kusinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha. Chifukwa chake, kusakaniza PBAT yolimba kwambiri ndi PLA sikungowonjezera kulimba kwa PLA, komanso kufulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa PBAT.

Zapezeka kuti kuwonjezera kwa PLA kumawonjezera mphamvu yokoka ya chosakaniza popanda kukhudza mawonekedwe a kristalo a PBAT; ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa kusungunuka kwa melting kumawonjezera kukhazikika kwa mafilimu a PBAT panthawi yokonza ndi kupanga.

Popeza PBAT ndi PLA ndi machitidwe osagwirizana, kafukufuku wambiri akuchitika pakali pano pakukweza kuyanjana pakati pa awiriwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zosakaniza zikhale ndi mawonekedwe abwino a makina. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) pamlingo wa 3% mpaka 5% kungawonjezere mphamvu ya PLA/PBAT blends kufika pa 26.5% ndi 51.7%, pomwe kukulitsa kufalikira kwa PBAT mu PLA. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera kwa chain extender kungachepetse kwambiri kupsinjika kwa interfacial pakati pa awiriwa, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri ductility ya mafilimu a PBAT/PLA; kuwonjezera kwa multifunctional group plasticizer ndi capacitor kungapangitse capacitance yabwino komanso plasticizing effect pa PBAT/PLA blends, komanso kukonza mawonekedwe a processing.

-PBAT yosakanikirana ndi PPC-

Polypropylene carbonate (PPC) ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki.pulasitiki wokonda zachilengedweChopangidwa mwa kusinthana kwa copolymerization ya zinyalala za mafakitale carbon dioxide ndi propylene oxide, zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka komanso kukana kulowa kwa madzi. Komabe, ndi chinthu chosasinthika, kutentha kwa kusintha kwa galasi ndi 30-40°C yokha, ndipo pali kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa, kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri ndi koipa, zovuta pakupanga filimu ndi zovuta zina. Kusakaniza kwa PPC ndi PBAT sikungowonjezera luso la PPC, komanso kumapereka PBAT magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimachokera zidzakhala ndi malo abwino opangira zinthu m'mabokosi osungiramo chakudya, zipangizo zachipatala, ndi zina zotero.

Popeza gawo la PPC silili bwino mu dongosolo losakanikirana, kukula kwa microcrystalline kwa filimu ya PBAT/PPC kumachepa; kuphatikiza kwa PPC kumawongolera kwambiri mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu zotchinga mpweya za filimu ya composite pamene kumatsimikizira kuti matrix ingathe kuwonongeka. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa PPC ndi PBAT kumawongolera bwino kukhazikika kwa kutentha, kristalo ndi mphamvu zamakanika za zosakaniza; pamene 10% yokha ya PPC ndi kulemera ilipo, kutentha kwa crystallization kwa zosakaniza kumawonjezeka kuchokera pa 37.5°C mpaka 66.8°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti filimu yophwanyidwa ipangidwe.

Popeza PBAT ndi polymer yopangidwa ndi kristalo ndipo ili ndi unyolo waukulu wa polar molecular, ilinso ndi mavuto ogwirizana ndi PPC. Kuyambitsidwa kwa unyolo wowonjezera triphenylmethane triisocyanate kunapangitsa kuti filimu ya PBAT/PPC ikule kwambiri komanso kusweka kwake kukhale kolimba; kuyambitsidwa kwa monoglyceride stearate kunathandizanso kuti filimuyo ikhale yolimba panthawi yopukutira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera kwa ethylene methyl acrylate - glycidyl methacrylate (EMA-GMA) kusakaniza kwa PPC ndi PBAT sikuti kumangowonjezera kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake ndi khalidwe la filimu yopukutira, komanso kumawonjezera bwino mphamvu zake zamakaniko, chotchinga cha okosijeni ndi mphamvu zoteteza UV.

-PBAT yosakanikirana ndi PBS-

Polybutylene succinate (PBS) ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pakati pa mapulasitiki omwe alipo omwe amatha kuwola, okhala ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zamakanika; komabe, kukhuthala kwake kochepa kumapangitsa kuti kusungunuke kukhale kosalimba, komwe sikungathandize kukonza pogwiritsa ntchito blow moulding kapena cast, ndipo zinthuzo zimakhala ndi kufooka kwina. Chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito PBAT ndi PBS modified blends, ubwino wa zonsezi ukhoza kuphatikizidwa kuti zithetse zolakwika, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popaka, mbale zophikira, mafilimu a zaulimi, zipangizo zamankhwala ndi zina.

Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa PBS mu zosakaniza za PBAT/PBS sikuyenera kukhala kokwera kwambiri, mpaka pafupifupi 25% ndikoyenera. Zapezeka kuti zosakaniza za PBAT/PBS zimakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba komanso kutalika kwakukulu pakagwa pamene gawo lalikulu la PBS ndi 25%; kuchuluka kwa PBS kukakwera kwambiri, zinthuzo zimakhala ndi kufooka kwamphamvu.

-PBAT yosakanikirana ndi PHBV-

Poly(pentyl hydroxybutyrate) (PHBV) ndi chinthu chamoyo chopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe zongowonjezedwanso, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kuwiritsa ndi gwero la kaboni ndi mphamvu zomwe zimasungidwa mu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwabwino kwachilengedwe komanso kusagwirizana ndi chilengedwe; komabe, ilinso ndi zovuta monga kukhazikika kwa kutentha komanso mphamvu zochepa zokoka makristalo. Chifukwa chake, kusakaniza ndi PBAT kumatha kukonza mphamvu za kristalo za PHBV ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zogwirira ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzo.

Kusakaniza kwa PHBV ndi PBAT kumasonyeza kuthekera kwabwino kokonza ndi kupanga filimu; ndipo mawonekedwe a makina a filimuyi akugwirizana ndi a mafilimu ophikira chakudya ogulitsa, okhala ndi mitundu yofika 750% nthawi yopuma.

-PBAT yosakanikirana ndi PGA-

Polyglycolic acid (PGA) ili ndi kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana ndi PLA, komanso ili ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zowononga ndi zotchinga; sikuti mtengo wake ndi wotsika, komanso ili ndi ubwino wa mphamvu yayikulu yolimba komanso kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kusankha PGA yosinthira kusakaniza kwa PBAT kuli ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotayidwa monga mbale zophikira zosatentha, matumba amafilimu osinthika komanso ma CD otchinga.

Zapezeka kuti ma PBAT/PGA composites okhala ndi gawo la PGA mass 20% ali ndi mphamvu yokoka ya 25 MPa ndipo kutalika kwake kumapitirira 600%, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zinthu za filimu; Ma PBAT/PGA composites okhala ndi gawo la PGA mass 80% ali ndi kutentha kotsika kwa kutentha kwa 120°C pomwe akulimbitsa kulimba, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mbale zotayidwa; pakadali pano, kuwonjezera kwa PGA Kuwonjezera kwa PGA kungathandize kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a nthunzi yamadzi a mafilimu a PBAT/PGA composite.

Mofanana ndi PLA, kugwirizana pakati pa PGA ndi PBAT ndi koipa, kotero ma compatibilizer oyenerera ayenera kusankhidwa kuti apititse patsogolo kufalikira kwa dongosolo. Mwachitsanzo, 4,4′-ylidenebis(isocyanatophenyl) (MDI) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza ma PBAT/PGA composites. Kuchita bwino kwa MDI kunapangitsa kuti kuphatikizana kwa ma mixes kukhale kwakukulu komanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya impact kuchokera pa 9.0 kJ/m2 kufika pa 22.2 kJ/m2; komanso kuchepa kwa crystallinity ndi kukula kwa crystal, zomwe zinathandiza kuti ma composites akhale olimba komanso kutentha kwawo kukhale kolimba.

-PBAT yosakanikirana ndi PVB-

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) ndi chinthu chomwe chimachokera ku asidi yomwe imayambitsa kusungunuka kwa polyvinyl alcohol ndi n-butyraldehyde, yokhala ndi pulasitiki wochuluka m'magawo ake obwezerezedwanso. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka molekyulu, PVB ili ndi kuphatikiza kwa mphamvu yayikulu yolimba, kukana kugwedezeka, kuwonekera bwino, kusinthasintha komanso kuwonongeka. Monga zinthu zobwezerezedwanso m'mphepete, PVB imapezeka mochuluka komanso pamitengo yotsika, kotero kusankha kwake ngati chinthu chosinthidwa kuli ndi ubwino waukulu pakukula. Kuchuluka kochepa kwa PVB kumawonjezera kutentha kwa kristalo kwa PBAT; kugwirizana ndi mphamvu za makina za PBAT/PVB kumawonjezeka ndi kugwira ntchito kwa capacitor ionomer ndi PVB.