Mvetsetsani Kulimba, Kulimba, ndi Kukana Kukhudza kwa Mapulasitiki

"Kuuma" kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yofunikira kuti chinthucho chisinthe; "Kusinthasintha" kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa chinthu chomwe chili pansi pa mphamvu ya unit. "Kuuma" kukakhala kwakukulu, kusinthaku sikungatheke; "kusinthasintha" kwakukulu, kumakhala kosavuta kusintha. Zinthu zomwe zili ndi kulimba bwino zimakhala zofewa, ndipo kutalika kwa kuuma pakagwa ndi mphamvu ya impact kumakhala kwakukulu, pomwe kuuma, mphamvu ya kuuma ndi modulus ya kuuma ndi yaying'ono.

Monga momwe taonera kuchokera pa kufotokozera pamwambapa, kuuma ndi kulimba ndizosiyana, koma pa mapulasitiki osinthidwa zimadalirana. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mapulasitiki olimbikitsidwa ndi fiberglass akukhala olimba kwambiri, mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu yokoka zimatha kuwonjezeka.

Kodi mungatani kuti pulasitiki ikhale yolimba?

Zapezeka kuti kuwonjezera kulimba kwa matrix resin kungathandize kuti mapulasitiki olimba akhale olimba.

Pali njira zambiri zolimbikitsira, monga kuwonjezera kulemera kwa mamolekyulu a utomoni wa matrix kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa kulemera kwa mamolekyulu, kapena kuwongolera kupangika kwa makristalo, kuchuluka kwa makristalo, kukula kwa makristalo ndi mawonekedwe a makristalo kuti muwongolere kulimba kwambiri.

Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji chogwirizira cholimba chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa pulasitiki?

• Mphira wokhuthala
EPR (binary ethylene-propylene), EPDM (EPDM), mphira wa butadiene (BR), mphira wachilengedwe (NR), mphira wa isobutene (IBR), mphira wa nitrile (NBR), ndi zina zotero. Yoyenera kusinthidwa konse kwa utomoni wa pulasitiki;

• Ma elastomer a thermoplastic ndi olimba
SBS, SEBS, POE, TPO, TPV, ndi zina zotero. Kuti polyolefin kapena non-polar resin tigwire ntchito, kuti polyester, polyamide ndi ma polima ena okhala ndi magulu ogwira ntchito a polar tigwire ntchito, tifunika kuwonjezera zinthu zogwirizana nazo;

• Copolymer yolimba ya core-shell ndi terpolymer yogwira ntchito
ACR (acrylate), MBS (methyl acrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer), PTW (ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer), E-MA-GMA (ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer), ndi zina zotero. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulasitiki ndi ma polymer alloy olimba kutentha kwambiri;

• Kumangiriridwa ndi kusakaniza mapulasitiki olimba kwambiri
PP/PA, PP/ABS, PA/ABS, HIPS/PPO, PPS/PA, PC/ABS, PC/PBT, ndi zina zotero. Ukadaulo wa polymer alloy ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yokonzekeramapulasitiki olimba kwambiri.

• Njira zina zolimbikitsira
Kulimbitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (monga nano-cacO3), kulimbitsa utomoni wa sarin (Dupont metal ionomer), ndi zina zotero.