Chiyerekezo cha Zinyalala Padziko Lonse cha 2022 chatulutsidwa ndipo mayiko awa ndi omwe amapanga zinyalala zambiri padziko lonse lapansi

Pa 18 Marichi, Tsiku Lokonzanso Zinthu Padziko Lonse, Sensoneo idatulutsa 2022 Global Waste Index, yomwe imafufuza momwe kasamalidwe ka zinyalala kamagwirira ntchito m'maiko 38 padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imaika pa mndandanda wa zinyalala zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mndandandawu ukuwonetsa kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi komanso momwe zimachitidwira.

Sensoneo ndi kampani yotsogola yopereka chithandizo chanzeru pamakampanizothetsera zinyalalaikugwira ntchito m'maiko ndi madera 60 padziko lonse lapansi. Mndandandawu unasindikizidwa koyamba mu 2019.

Mndandanda wa Zinyalala padziko lonse wa 2022, kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, umayamba ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi zigoli zambiri ndipo umapita kwa omwe amapanga zinyalala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

1. Dziko la Turkey lakhala dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi popanga zinyalala
Dziko la Turkey lilinso pa nambala 1 m'dziko lomwe siliwononga chilengedwe monga momwe linachitira zaka zitatu zapitazo. Ndipotu, posachedwapa mu 2019, dziko la Turkey silinabwezeretsenso zinyalala. Masiku ano, malinga ndi ziwerengero za boma, makilogalamu 47 amabwezeretsedwenso pa munthu aliyense. Komabe, ngakhale kuti zinthu zasintha kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala, zinyalala zambiri - makilogalamu 176 pa munthu aliyense - zimatayidwabe mopanda chilolezo chaka chilichonse.

2. UK ili ndi kasamalidwe kabwino ka zinyalala
Ponena za chilengedwe, kutentha zinyalala ndikoyenera kuposa kutaya zinyalala. Mayiko 17 okha mwa 38 omwe ali mu lipotilo ndi omwe amatentha kwambiri kuposa momwe amaika m'malo otayira zinyalala. Mayikowa ndi Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland ndi United Kingdom. UK yawona kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka zinyalala kuyambira lipoti lomaliza mu 2019. Chiwerengero cha UK chakwera kuchoka pa nambala 20 kufika pa nambala 18 chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa (kutsika kuchoka pa 468kg pa munthu aliyense mu 2019 kufika pa 463kg mu 2022). Zinyalala zochepa zikuthanso m'malo otayira zinyalala: mu 2019, zinyalala zokwana 109kg zinatumizidwa kumalo otayira zinyalala pa munthu aliyense ku UK, zomwe zinatsika kufika pa 69kg mu 2022. Nthawi yomweyo, zinyalala zambiri zimatenthedwa — 190 kg pa munthu aliyense mu 2022 poyerekeza ndi 152 kg mu 2019, malinga ndi Global Waste Index.

3. Dziko la United States limapanga zinyalala zambiri zachinsinsi: makilogalamu 811 pa munthu aliyense
Zinyalala zambiri zimapangidwa ku United States. Nzika iliyonse yaku America pakadali pano imapanga makilogalamu 811 a zinyalala, pafupifupi theka lake zimathera m'malo otayira zinyalala. Nthawi yomweyo, makilogalamu 95 okha ndi omwe adatenthedwa. Nzika zaku America zimapanga makilogalamu awiri a zinyalala masiku ano kuposa momwe zidachitira mu 2019. Ku UK, kuchuluka kwa zinyalala pa munthu aliyense kunatsika ndi 5kg panthawi yomweyi, ngakhale kuti mliri wa kachilombo ka corona ukuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri zotayidwa, monga masks opareshoni ndi mayeso achangu a COVID-19.

4. Nthano yaikulu yokhudza kubwezeretsanso zinthu
Mayiko ambiri amakonda kudzitamandira chifukwa cha kayendetsedwe kake ka zinyalala komanso kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimabwezerezedwanso. Sweden, South Korea ndi Germany pakati pawo, Germany nthawi zambiri imatamandidwa ngati ngwazi yapadziko lonse pakubwezerezedwanso. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zinyalala za pulasitiki zomwe zimabwezerezedwanso kungakhale kosokeretsa. Chiwerengerochi chimachokera ku kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimafika ku fakitale yobwezerezedwanso, koma sizinthu zonse zomwe zimabwezerezedwanso kudzera mu kubwezerezedwanso kwa zinthu. Chiwerengerochi ndi kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kumayambiriro kwa njira yayitali yosankhira, pomwe kumapeto kwake gawo laling'ono lokha ndi lomwe limagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Zotsalazo zimatenthedwa, mwachitsanzo "kubwezerezedwanso" kudzera mu kubweza mphamvu.

Magulu azachilengedwe monga Friends of the Earth ku Germany akuti, zinyalala zosakwana 16 peresenti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsanso ku Germany zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Vuto lalikulu lidayambitsidwa ndi kusakaniza kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga yogurt POTS yokhala ndi zophimba za makatoni ndi zivindikiro za aluminiyamu. Ngati izi sizilekanitsidwa zisanafike, zitha kulembetsedwa ku fakitale yobwezeretsanso, koma zidzatenthedwabe. Zipangizo zazing'ono, zopyapyala komanso ma phukusi ena a chakudya zimakhala zovuta kuzibwezeretsanso chifukwa kukonzanso kwawo kumafuna njira zovuta zomwe sizipezeka mosavuta. Njira yovuta yobwezeretsanso zinthu imawonekera pamtengo wa zinthu zina zopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisapikisane kwambiri pamsika.