Mzere Wowonjezera Pulasitiki Wokhudza Zinthu Zopangira: Katundu ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito High Performance Polyphenylene Sulfide PPS Resin

Mzere Wowonjezera Pulasitikiza Zinthu Zopangira
Polyphenylene sulfide ndi mtundu watsopano wa mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi ukadaulo. Mamolekyu ake ali ndi mayunitsi obwerezabwereza a p-phenylene sulfide, ndipo unyolo waukulu wa molekyulu uli ndi phenylene sulfide. Kulemera kwake kwa molekyulu ndi 10,000 ~ 50,000. Polyphenylene sulfide ndi polima yolunjika kapena yolumikizidwa yopanda malo osungunuka a kristalo. Ndi kapangidwe kolunjika kasanayambe kulumikizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka thermosetting pambuyo polumikizana. Imatha kufewetsedwa mpaka pamlingo winawake ikatenthedwa mokwanira ndikuziziritsidwa.


Polyphenylene sulfide imapangidwa ndi polycondensed kuchokera ku sodium sulfide ndi dichlorobenzene mu solvent yamphamvu ya polar. Njira zopangira zimaphatikizapo njira ya Michael, njira ya p-halogenated thiophenate self-condensation, njira ya aromatic polyhalide ndi njira ya alkali metal sulfide solution polycondensation, ndi zina zotero.

Kuchulukana kwa polyphenylene sulfide ndi 1.36, ndipo utomoni ndi ufa woyera kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono, wolimba komanso wofooka, wokhala ndi kristalo wambiri komanso kukhuthala kwamphamvu kwa kusungunuka. Polyphenylene sulfide ili ndi mitundu iwiri ya kulemera kwa mamolekyulu, kulemera kochepa kwa mamolekyulu ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa mamolekyulu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa madzi, zimakhala zovuta kuumba mwachindunji, kotero kuwonjezera pa kupopera, njira zina ziyenera kudutsa mu kulumikiza kwina panthawi youmba, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ulusi wagalasi kapena utomoni wosapangidwa wa jakisoni, kuumba ndi kuumba kwa extrusion kuyenera kusakanikirana. Polyphenylene sulfide yolemera kwambiri ya mamolekyulu sikuyenera kulumikizidwa ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji pokonza zinthu zapulasitiki.



PPS ili ndi msana wolimba wofanana ndipo ndi gawo la polima ya kristalo yopangidwa ndi mphete za benzene zobwerezabwereza ndi maatomu a sulfure. PPS ndi pulasitiki yapadera yaukadaulo yokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso malo osungunuka kwambiri mpaka 280 °C omwe amatha kulowa m'malo mwa zitsulo. Ili pamwamba pa piramidi ya magwiridwe antchito a polymer, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1. Pachifukwa ichi, kutengera magwiridwe antchito abwino a resin ya PPS, imakwaniritsa zofunikira za mapulojekiti ovuta a pulasitiki aukadaulo.



1. Makhalidwe a utomoni wa polyphenylene sulfide wochita bwino kwambiri
(1) Utomoni wa PPS wochita bwino kwambiri ndi polima wa kristalo wokhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu. Kuchuluka kwa makristalo ake ndi pafupifupi 65%. Liwiro la makristalo mwachangu, kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kuzungulira kwakanthawi kochepa.

(2) Kukana kutentha kwabwino kwambiri. Malo ake osungunuka amatha kufika 275~291°C, kutentha kosinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi 135°C, ndipo kutentha kosinthasintha kwa kutentha pambuyo polimbitsa ulusi wagalasi kumatha kufika 260°C. Mu mpweya ndi nayitrogeni, kutentha koyambirira komanso kofooka kwa polyphenylene sulfide ndi pafupifupi 400°C, kumawola mumlengalenga pa 700°C, ndipo kumatha kusunga 40% ya kulemera kwake mu mpweya wopanda mpweya pa 1000°C. Kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali ndi 200~240°C, ndipo kukana kutentha kwa mpweya wotchinga ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kosalekeza kwa nthawi yayitali ndikwabwino kuposa mapulasitiki onse opanga magetsi.

(3) Ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zamakina. Ili ndi kulimba kwambiri, kuuma kwambiri pamwamba, kuchepa pang'ono kwa kulimba pansi pa chinyezi chambiri, ndipo ili ndi kukana bwino kwambiri kwa kukwawa, kukana kutopa komanso kukana kuvala. Kukana kwake kuvala kumatha kukonzedwa mwa kudzaza mafuta monga fluororesin ndi ulusi wa kaboni. Ndipo imakula bwino kwambiri.

(4) Ili ndi kukana dzimbiri bwino komanso kukana mankhwala. Kuwonjezera pa ma asidi amphamvu owonjezera (monga sulfuric acid yokhazikika, nitric acid, ndi zina zotero), imathanso kupirira dzimbiri la ma asidi ena, alkalis ndi mchere, ndipo sisungunuka mu organic solvent iliyonse pansi pa 200 ° C. Kukana kwake dzimbiri kuli pafupifupi kofanana ndi kwa polytetrafluoroethylene. Kuphatikiza apo, PPS ilinso ndi kukana kwabwino kwa nyengo ndi ma radiation, ndipo magwiridwe ake sadzakhudzidwa ndi ma radiation amphamvu ambiri a ultraviolet ndi gamma-ray ndi ma radiation a neutron.

(5) Ili ndi mlingo wochepa woyamwa madzi (0.008%) komanso mlingo woyamwa mafuta. Popeza ndi yaying'ono, imachepa ndipo imakula bwino, chinthucho chili ndi miyeso yokhazikika komanso kusintha pang'ono, ndipo imatha kusungabe kukhazikika ngakhale m'malo ena omwe ali ndi chinyezi, mafuta komanso mpweya wowononga, kotero ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mawonekedwe molondola.

(6) Katundu wabwino kwambiri wamagetsi. Utomoni wa PPS wochita bwino kwambiri umasintha pang'ono mphamvu ya voliyumu pansi pa kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri, ndipo nthawi zonse mphamvu yake ya dielectric imasintha pang'ono malinga ndi kutentha ndi mafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa zonyansa za ion kumakhala kochepa, ndipo kumatha kumizidwa mu bafa la solder pa 260 ° C, kotero kumatha kupirira kusungunuka kwa pamwamba. Kutentha kwa zinthu zamagetsi, koyenera zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri pamagetsi. Ili ndi mphamvu ya dielectric yambiri komanso mphamvu ya dielectric yochepa.

(7) Utomoni wa PPS wochita bwino kwambiri uli ndi kukhuthala kochepa kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha kwabwino. Ndi wosavuta kunyowetsa ndikukhudza ulusi wagalasi, kotero ndi wosavuta kudzaza. Ulusi wagalasi kapena ulusi wagalasi-inorganic filler wolimbikitsidwa ndi jekeseni wopangidwa ndi iwo uli ndi kukana kwakukulu, kukana kupindika komanso kusinthasintha.

(8) Utomoni wa PPS wochita bwino kwambiri uli ndi mphamvu yolumikizirana kwambiri ndi galasi, aluminiyamu, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi zina zotero. Mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi galasi ndi yayikulu kuposa ya galasi.