Kupanga kwa EVA Thovu la Zipangizo ndi Kusanthula Kwazinthu Zinayi

Kupanga kwa EVA Thovu la Zipangizo ndi Kusanthula Kwazinthu Zinayi
EVA, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, zinthu za polymer. EVA midsole ndi yopepuka komanso yabwino, ndi nsapato zopepuka kwambiri, nsapato zamasewera, nsapato wamba zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri. Lero, tiphunzira momwe tingapangire thovu la EVA ndi njira zinayi.

A. Kupanga thovu la EVA la zinthu zimenezo

Kapangidwe ka thovu la EVA nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi zinthu izi: zinthu zazikulu, zodzaza, chopangira thovu, chothandizira kulumikiza, chothandizira kufulumizitsa thovu, ndi mafuta odzola.

Zipangizo zazikulu, zomwe ndi EVA kapena PE. Zachidziwikire, kuti muwongolere mawonekedwe a chinthucho, mutha kuwonjezeranso zinthu zina, monga rabara, POE (polyethylene octene co-elastomer), ndi zina zotero, komanso mutha kuwonjezera TPR pang'ono (ndi kuphatikiza kwa mawonekedwe a rabara ndi thermoplastic a chinthucho) kuti mulimbikitse mawonekedwe enaake.

EVA, chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kuchuluka kwa VA, chisankho chake chachikulu komanso chotsika pafupifupi magwiridwe antchito onse a thovu la EVA ndi ogwirizana mwachindunji. Zachidziwikire kuti ena amagwiritsa ntchito PE yokha. Amathanso kupangidwa ndi thovu. Zapadera ndi zomwe zida zazikulu kapena zimadalira zofunikira za chinthucho.

Chodzaza, pakadali pano calcium carbonate kapena ufa wa talcum nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa mtengo, kuwonjezera kuuma kwa chinthucho, ndi zina zotero, komanso chingathandize pa kutentha. Kawirikawiri kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ngati chizindikiro cha khalidwe (ndithudi, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi gawo lofunika), mwachitsanzo, maukonde 120, maukonde 400, ndi zina zotero. Mwachidule, ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tabwino, ndithudi, mtengo wake udzakhalanso wapamwamba. Kuchuluka kwakukulu mu njira yophikira ndakuwona 40Phr (kuchuluka kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zazikulu).

Chothandizira thovu, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza thovu, monga AC-3000H, ndi cha chothandizira thovu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza thovu, kutentha kwake kumawonjezeka madigiri oposa 220.

Palinso mankhwala otulutsa thovu pa kutentha kochepa, monga AD-300, kutentha kowonongeka pa madigiri 140, ndi mankhwala otulutsa thovu pa kutentha kwapakati. Chifukwa kusiyana kwa mitengo sikokwanira, ndipo mankhwala otulutsa thovu pa kutentha kwakukulu adzakhala okhazikika, kotero tsopano ma EVA ambiri akale akusintha kukhala otentha kwambiri, komanso pogwiritsa ntchito mlingo wa AC, kutengera chochulukitsa chenicheni.

Chogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri masiku ano ndi DCP (di-sec-octyl phthalate), yomwe kale inkagwiritsidwa ntchito TAIC, PL400, ndi zina zotero. Hafu ya moyo wa DCP ndi mphindi imodzi pa madigiri 180 Celsius ndi mphindi 10 pa madigiri 130 Celsius, kotero nthawi zambiri, mukamayesa zinthuzi, kutentha kuyenera kulamulidwa pansi pa madigiri 120 Celsius.

Mankhwala ena omwe amafuna fungo angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ena oletsa kununkhira, BIPB, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi TAIC. Mlingo wa DCP ndi 0.5-0.6Phr pa thovu lathyathyathya ndi thovu laling'ono lomwe lili mkati, ndi 0.8-1.0Phr pa thovu lobayira jakisoni, koma palinso kusiyana kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya zolimbikitsira thovu, ufa wa zinc oxide ndi ufa wa zinc stearate, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano. Tinkagwiritsa ntchito ziwirizi pamodzi pano, koma tsopano tikugwiritsa ntchito zinc oxide yokha. Mtundu umodzi ukhozanso kukwaniritsa zotsatira zake, ndipo kukhazikika kwa chinthucho kungakhale bwino. Zinc oxide imachepetsa kutentha kwa AC kufika pa madigiri 160, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga. Tili ndi mgwirizano pano, kuchuluka kwa zinc oxide sikupitirira 0.2Phr, ndipo kuchepa kwambiri kwa chinthucho kudzakhala kwakukulu. Zachidziwikire, ngati kuli kochepa kwambiri, liwiro la thovu ndi lochedwa kwambiri, kotero ndibwino kuti lisakhale lochepera 1.0hr/.

Mafuta nthawi zambiri amakhala stearic acid. Ndipotu, alibe mphamvu zambiri, ndi kulola zinthu zoyeserera, osati makina omata. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa kungathandize kuchepetsa kukangana pakati pa mfundo, kotero kuti zinthu zambiri zakuthupi zimachepetsedwa ndipo amalimbikitsa 0.5Phr.

B. Zokhudza Njirayi

Thovu la EVA nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi njira zinayi, thovu lalikulu lachikhalidwe, thovu laling'ono mu nkhungu, jakisoni ndi thovu lofunika kwambiri.

1. Njira ya jakisoni

Njirayi ndi yofunika kwambiri mtsogolo, njira yochokera ku chinthucho, koma kulondola kwa nkhungu ndikokwera. Mfundoyi ndi yofanana ndi kupanga jakisoni wa makampani apulasitiki, koma kupanga jakisoni kumatsegulidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kutentha kwa nkhungu kumasiyana, ndiko kuti, kutentha kwa nkhungu ndi nthawi yotsegulira nkhungu ya EVA kumasinthidwa pang'ono. Tsopano nsapato zamasewera zodziwika bwino za mtundu wa thupi la munthu zasintha chifukwa cha njira iyi. Njira zina kupatula izi, kugwira ntchito bwino kuli kutali kwambiri.

2. Thovu Lalikulu Lachikhalidwe

Masiku ano, mafakitale ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu, ndipo mtengo wa makina ndi zida ndi wotsika. Njirayi imapangidwa ndi mapepala, kenako n'kupanga zinthu kudzera mu njira yobowola, kupukuta ndi zina zotero. Mikhalidwe ya thovu imakhala yokhazikika, kutentha ndi 160-170, nthawi imatsimikiziridwa ndi makulidwe a nkhungu, nthawi zambiri masekondi 90-110 / MM, kupanikizika 150KG / sikweya CM.

3. Thovu laling'ono la nkhungu

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga nsapato, nsapato zamasewera kuti apange thovu loyamba la midsole yachiwiri. Zipangizozo zimakulungidwa motsatira njira yoyezera, kuyezedwa ndikuyikidwa mu chikombole chotseguka, ndipo thovu limatuluka ngati mawonekedwe a nsapato.

Vuto la njirayi ndi kusinthasintha kwa nkhungu ndi njira yophikira; apo ayi zimakhala zovuta kulamulira kuchuluka ndi kuuma nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zambiri kukula kumakhala koyenerera koma kuuma sikukwanira, ndipo kuuma kumakhala kokwanira koma kukula kwake ndi kochepa.

Mikhalidwe ya thovu ya njirayi ndi yosinthasintha, kutengera mawonekedwe a chinthucho, ndithudi, nthawi ndi kusintha, ndipo kusintha kwa kutentha sikokwanira.

Poyamba, tinakambirana za midsole yachiwiri, ndipo apa tikuyambitsa mawonekedwe achiwiri. Chiwalo chopanda kanthu cha thovu lapitalo chimaphwanyidwa pakhungu ndikukanikizidwa mu mawonekedwe omalizidwa, ndipo mankhwalawa amapangidwa mwa kutentha ndi kuziziritsa m'magawo awiri.

Kutentha kwa kutentha pa 125-135 ndikoyenera kwambiri, kupanikizika 50KG / sikweya CM, kutentha kwa nthawi inayake kenako madzi atazizidwa, kutulutsa ndiye pakatikati pa denga lachiwiri. Kukanikiza kumeneku mpaka kukula kwa pansi kumakhala kokhazikika, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi abwinoko.

4. Kutulutsa Thovu Kwambiri

Unyolo wa mamolekyu a EVA ndi wolunjika, kotero nthawi zambiri pakupanga thovu, cholumikizira cholumikizira chimawonjezeredwa, kudzera mu kapangidwe kolumikizira cholumikizira kuti chitseke mpweya. Chifukwa chake, kutulutsa thovu kofunikira kwambiri kwa EVA kudzafunika kuthetsa vuto la momwe mungatsekere mpweya.

Kuchokera m'mabuku a patent ndi zina mwazidziwitso zamakampani, njira yopangira thovu ya EVA ndi njira yotere: kusakaniza kwambiri pambuyo polumikiza, kuyika granulation, kupanga kuti zidendene zifike, zidendene zifike mu chipangizo chopangira thovu cha autoclave, chopangira thovu chenicheni chifike mu ketulo, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera kupanikizika kuti zithe kupeza zinthu za thovu lopanda ma microporous.

Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a zinthu za EVA: granulation – jakisoni / jekeseni yopangira – thovu – pansi.

Njira yotereyi yopangira thovu imatha kumveka ngati njira yopangira thovu, mankhwala opukutira kukhala mankhwala opukutira thupi, komanso njira yochepetsera kupanikizika mwachangu, mutha kupeza zidendene za thovu la EVA. Ngati mukufuna kuti njira yonseyi ikhale yosamalira chilengedwe komanso yoyera, njira yakale yolumikizirana ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi njira yolumikizirana ya mankhwala monga radiation cross linking.

Njira yopangira thovu yoopsa kwambiri yakhala ikukula kwambiri m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, ndipo zipangizo, ukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yopangira, njira, zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yabwino kwambiri komanso kuchepetsa kuwononga ndalama.